Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to improve research proposal writing skills by utilizing AI Assistants. The research was conducted at SMAIT As-Syifa Boarding School Subang, involving twelfth-grade students. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR), implemented in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. In the first cycle, the results showed an average student score of 41.2, with no students meeting the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM), indicating that the research proposal writing lesson did not meet the target. After applying more targeted feedback and interactive teaching strategies in the second cycle, there was a significant improvement. In the second cycle, 100% of the students met the KKM, and the average score increased to 87. The results of this study indicate that the use of AI assistants can effectively enhance the research proposal writing skills of twelfth-grade students, making this technology a valuable tool to support a more effective and efficient teaching and learning process.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rikki Faisal Heryana

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References
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References
Anderson, T. (2010). The Theory and Practice of Online Learning. Athabasca University Press.
Arikunto, S. (2010). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Babbie, E. (2017). The Basics of Social Research. Cengage Learning.
Beauchamp, T. L., & Childress, J. F. (2013). Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford University Press.
Burns, A. (2015). Action Research in English Language Teaching: A Practical Guide. Routledge.
Chen, C. H., Chen, P. C., & Chen, C. Y. (2020). The Effects of AI-based Personalized Learning Systems on Learning Engagement and Achievement. Educational Technology & Society, 23(1), 115-126.
Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2016). E-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning. Wiley.
Clark, R. E. (2020). Cognitive Tools and Cognitive Learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 112(2), 289-303.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research Methods in Education. Routledge.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage Publications.
Creswell, J.W. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th ed.). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J.W., & Creswell, J.D. (2020). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (6th ed.). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Ertmer, P. A., & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. T. (2010). Teacher Technology Change: How Knowledge, Confidence, Beliefs, and Culture Intersect. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(3), 255-284.
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics. Sage Publications.
Fraenkel, J.R., & Wallen, N.E. (2009). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Garrison, D. R., & Anderson, T. (2003). E-Learning in the 21st Century: A Community of Inquiry Framework for a Constructivist Approach to Online Learning. RoutledgeFalmer.
Gay, L.R., & Airasian, P. (2011). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (10th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson.
Hamari, J., Koivisto, J., & Sarsa, H. (2016). Does Gamification Work?--A Literature Review of Empirical Studies on Gamification. In 2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 3025-3034). IEEE.
Hennink, M. M., Hutter, I., & Bailey, A. (2017). Qualitative Research Methods. Sage Publications.
Hidayat, M. (2019). Kemampuan Menulis Proposal Penelitian pada Siswa SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan, 12(1), 45-59.
Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial Intelligence in Education: Promises and Implications for Teaching and Learning. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Hwang, G. J., & Chen, C. H. (2017). Seamless Learning: A New Educational Paradigm. Educational Technology & Society, 20(2), 115-124.
Kearney, M., & Schuck, S. (2019). Teachers' Perceptions of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Case Study. Education and Information Technologies, 24(4), 2541-2557.
Kerlinger, F.N. (2006). Foundations of Behavioral Research. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Kluge, C. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Education: An Overview. Journal of Educational Technology, 16(3), 85-99.
Kuhlthau, C. C. (2015). Seeking Meaning: A Process Approach to Library and Information Services. Libraries Unlimited.
Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2022). Mobile Learning: Perspectives and Insights. Educational Technology & Society, 25(1), 1-12.
Kumar, R. (2014). Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners. Sage Publications.
Lankshear, C., & Knobel, M. (2017). Researching Literacy: A Critical Approach to Theory and Practice. Peter Lang.
Lee, J. (2021). Personalized Learning with Artificial Intelligence. Educational Research Review, 17(4), 92-108.
Leedy, P. D., & Ormrod, J. E. (2015). Practical Research: Planning and Design. Pearson Education.
Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., & Forcier, L. B. (2016). * Intelligence Unleashed: An Argument for AI in Education*. London: Pearson.
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning. Cambridge University Press.
Mertler, C. A. (2014). Action Research: Teachers as Researchers in the Classroom. Sage Publications.
Murray, D. (2021).AI-Assisted Writing: Tools and Techniques. Journal of Digital Education, 14(2), 102-115.
Nazir, M. (2014). Metode Penelitian. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia.
Nurdin, A. (2021). Kesulitan Siswa dalam Penulisan Proposal Penelitian. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 15(2), 123-134.
Piaget, J. (1972). Psychology and Pedagogy. Viking Press.
Popenici, S. A. D., & Kerr, S. (2017). Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 12(1), 1-15.
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. On the Horizon, 9(5), 1-6.
Puentedura, R. R. (2014). SAMR: A Contextualized Model for Transformation. Retrieved from https://hippasus.com/resources/mj/samr.pdf
Rahardjo, D. (2020).Pemanfaatan Teknologi AI dalam Pendidikan. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 7(3), 78-90.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach (7th ed.). West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. Wiley.
Selwyn, N. (2019). Should Robots Replace Teachers? AI and the Future of Education. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(5), 1848-1860.
Siemon, D., Larkin, S., & Ritchie, S. (2020). The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A New Era. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1), 1-11.
Spector, J. M. (2014). Conceptualizing K-12 Blended Learning Environments. Computers & Education, 78, 305-312.
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Alfabeta.
Swanson, R.A., & Holton, E.F. (2009). Foundations of Human Resource Development (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
Warschauer, M. (2007). Technology and Equity in Schooling: Deconstructing the Digital Divide. Educational Policy, 21(3), 571-594.
Williamson, B., & Piattoeva, N. (2020). Education Governance and Datafication: The Role of AI in Education. International Journal of Educational Research, 104, 101-119.
Wisker, G. (2015). The Postgraduate Research Handbook. Palgrave Macmillan.
Zainuddin, Z., et al. (2020). The Impact of Student Engagement in Action Research on Learning Outcomes. International Journal of Instruction, 13(3), 445-460.
Zhao, Y., & Frank, K. A. (2003). Factors Affecting Technology Uses in Schools: An Ecological Perspective. Computers & Education, 41(2), 123-144.
Zimmerman, B. J. (2002). Becoming a Self-Regulated Learner: Phase-based Model of Self-regulation. Theory into Practice, 41(2), 64-70.
